|

Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger
年代:註1
|
1883
|
取得碩士學位
|
|
1890
|
取得醫師資格
|
|
1891~1894
|
於Copenhagen university協助C.J.Salomonser教授的研究
|
|
1894~1897
|
於Blegdam hospital擔任傳染病醫生
|
|
1895
|
完成博士論文,取得Copenhagen university的博士學位
|
|
1897~1900
|
The prosector of the University
Institute of Pathological Anatomy
|
|
1890~1905
|
Principal of the Labortory of
clinical Bacteriology of the Army
|
|
1905
|
Director of the Central Laboratory of
the Army and Consultant Physician to the Army Medical Service.
|
|
1900
|
appointed Professor of Pathological
Anatomy at Copenhagen University and Director of the Institute of
Pathological Anatomy
|
簡歷:註1
|
丹麥醫學協會會長
|
|
Council of Forensic Medicine的顧問
|
|
Member of the Planning Commission
for the Construction of the Medical Institutes of the National Hospital
|
|
President of the Danish Medical
Association's Cancer Commission
|
|
Member of the National Radium Committee
|
|
Member of the Administrative
Council of the Rask-Ørsted Foundation
|
|
Member of the Northern Society to
Promote a Biological Station in the Tropics, of the Pasteur Society
|
|
Founder-member and joint-editor of
the Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scandinavica
|
|
|
|
Co-editor of Ziegler's Beiträge zur pathologischen Anatomie und zur
allgemeinen
|
|
Member of the International
Commission for Intellectual Cooperation with Other Countries
|
|
President of «Die internationale Vereinigung für Krebsforschung»,
|
|
Member of the Royal Academy of
Science and Literature of Denmark, of the Swedish Medical Association
|
|
Member of the Finnish Medical
Association
|
|
Member of the «Association française pour l'Étude du Cancer»
|
|
Member of the «Société de Biologie» of Paris, of the Helmintological Society
of Washington
|
|
Founder-member of «Van Leeuwenhoekvereeniging»
|
|
Honorary member of the Royal
Academy of Medicine of Belgium
|
|
Member of the «Wiener dermatologischen Gesellschaft»,
|
|
Member of the Royal Society of
Physiography of Lund
|
|
Honorary doctor of the
Universities of Paris and Louvain
|
生平簡介:於1867年出生於丹麥的Silkeborg,父親為當地的執業醫生,而母親為一位作家。而Fibiger因為首先在老鼠的胃中,誘發出tumer。對於癌症的研究有重大的貢獻而獲得1926年的諾貝爾生理醫學獎。註1
當時,癌症在輻射學家、處理化學藥品的清潔工上發現,而研究人員相信癌症可以在輻射環境或化學藥品的環境下誘發出來,但每次的誘發實驗都失敗。
而後期寄生蟲的方向研究,雖然當中有朝微生物的方向發展,但終究仍是沒有結果,因此仍把方向朝回寄生蟲的研究上。由於癌症在誘發的實驗一再的失敗,而任何理論都沒有正確性,而對於如何引發癌症的方法也相對的不清楚,不過在一九一三年的Fibiger成功的誘發癌症,而Fibiger一開始並沒有證明胃中的腫瘤和蟲之間的關係,他試著使健康的老鼠攝取含有幼蟲或蟲卵的腫瘤組織,但並沒有成功的誘發癌症,而後Fibiger有一個想法,認為這種蟲從卵到成蟲過程需要寄主的存在,作為其中間宿生,他在嘗試超過1000種生物以後,最後在一個糖廠發現了具tumours的老鼠,而tumours上也確實存在著spiroptera的幼蟲,而這間糖廠當時有數量相當多的蟑螂,而Fibiger就以蟑螂作為中間寄主。而他發現蟑螂因為攝食老鼠的排泄物,而這些排泄物中含有蟲卵,而蟲卵在蟑螂的腸胃長成幼蟲,而後蟑螂又老鼠所捕食,而幼蟲便在老鼠胃中長成成蟲,而藉著持續餵食,含有spiroptera幼蟲的蟑螂,Fibiger成功在很多動物身上誘發出癌細胞。
這是第一次成功誘發癌症的例子,而並不是說是癌症是由蟲所誘發的,而是意味著癌症是由於組織遭到刺激而被誘發出來的,這個發現對於癌症的研究相當重要。註2
而Fibiger的研究結果,對於闡明嚴正研究的而點有不可或缺的地位,開啟了沿正研究的新的方向,而Fibiger的研究結果,立即被日本病理學家Yamagina
Katsusaburo採用,他是以柏油癌症,再一次的證明對於組織的次機會誘發出癌症的說法。註3
Fibeger曾經獲得許多獎項,其中最值得一提的是Nordnoff-Jung Cancer Price以及諾貝爾生理醫學獎,而Fibiger於1928年的1月30日因病去世於哥本哈根,留下一個在1894結婚的夏子,享年61歲。註1
註解:
註1:Nobel e-museum http://www.nobel.se/
註2:Presentation Speech by Professor W.Wernsedt, Dean of the Royal
Caroline Institute http://www.nobel.se
註3:Britannica Guide to the Nobel Prizes http://www.britannica.com/nobel
|